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The use of low temperature heat in Copenhagen

In Høje-Taastrup (Copenhagen) a project is established that will innovate, demonstrate, evaluate and disseminate technological solutions
needed to exploit and use sources of very low-grade “waste” heat for heating of energy efficient
buildings via Low Temperature District Heating (LTDH) and show how the District Heating (DH)
systems can be more resource efficient and more energy efficient. The demonstration covers both
new developments and stepwise transition of existing areas with district heating and energy
retrofitting of buildings.

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100% Renewable Energy for the District Heating Network of Grenoble

The GRENOBLE-ALPES-METROPOLIS district heating, with its 170 km of liquid pressurized
water distribution pipes, is the second largest District Heating System in France (900 GWh). The
district heating is a strong part of the energy strategy of the city. The integration of renewable and recovery energy accelerates and solutions are deployed to achieve
a 100% RE District Heating in 2033. State of the art solutions (biomass, waste heat from incineration
plant, geothermal energy) are combined with innovative solution (storage, CO2 capture, smart control) .

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Low energy houses in Windsbach (Germany)

The municipality of Windsbach has planned a new residential housing project, heated by district
heating (DH). In total approximately 100 low energy consumption houses are planned. The total heat demand is estimated with 1000 MWh. The
peak load will be about 800 kW. The aim is to supply as many houses as possible with the provided
district heating. The complete heat is produced with renewable energy. Therefore biogas CHPs and
one peak load biogas boiler are installed.

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Realizing a CO2-free district heating network in odense

Odense wants to phase out the remaining 30% coal consumption in the heat
production for the district heating network by 2025. In 2018, the coal consumption was already reduced from ~900.000 t/y in 2010 to 2-300.000 t/y but the goal is to substitute this completely. To realize this purpose, electric heat pumps, large heat storages, biomass boilers, and electric boilers are constructed. The challenge is
to carry this out without price increases for the consumers, especially the greenhouse industry where
heat price is an important competition faction.

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Utilization of seawater as a heat source

Drammen wished to upgrade their existing district heating which was a mixture of electric, biomass
and gas/oil. They recognised the need to move from fossil and combustion fuels and so decided to
utilize seawater as a heat source for an industrial heat pump. Also recognizing the danger of
HydroFluoroCarbons (HFCs) and other synthetic working fluids they began to explore the use of
ammonia.

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Upgrading the performance of Sisak’s District Heating Networks

The target city of the Upgrade DH project in Croatia is the city of Sisak. It is a middle sized city located in the Sisak – Moslavina County, southeast from the Croatian capital, Zagreb. The city is the administrative, cultural and historical center of the county, as well as one of Croatia’s biggest river ports and industrial cities. Total number of inhabitants is 47,768, as stated in the 2011 population census. Out of this number, 33,322 inhabitants live in the urban settlement.

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Solar Heating and Cooling in an Energy Efficient Residential Building

Within a privately owned residential building a variety of technologies are implemented to reduce the energy consumption. Both a solar heating system and heat pump are connected to a boiler for the heating of water. This water is used as sanitary hot water. Space heating and cooling is achieved from fan coil units (FCUs); where hot or cold water circulates inside the convectors depending on the need. Finally, underfloor heating is established through a closed water pipe system, with a heat pump as heating source. The monitoring of the entire system takes place in one control unit.

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Kuzma small biomass district heating

In the small Slovenian town Kuzma a district heating network is established based on biomass burning. The investments were made by a private company, with the financial support of the national government, and the aim of reducing energy prices in the area. The biomass used is collected from local wood owners in the neighbourhood and converted into heat by two biomass boilers. In combination with a 10 m3 storage tank for peak load no additional heat source is required to supply heating to 58 houses and some other residential buildings.

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